Common law systems are based on case law and the doctrine of stare decisis. Judges play a key role in law - making through their decisions. The UK, the US, and other Commonwealth countries are typical examples.
Civil law systems rely primarily on comprehensive legal codes. Laws are made by legislative bodies, and judges mainly apply the law rather than create it. Countries like France, Germany, and Japan follow this system.
Key differences also exist in legal reasoning, court procedures, and the role of lawyers. For instance, in common law countries, the adversarial system is adopted, while civil law countries use the inquisitorial system.
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